ihlder



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. D. IHLDER.

ELECTRIC AUTOMATIC STOP ECE ELEVATORS. No. 560,217. Patented May 19,1896.

ANDREW B GRAHAM PHOYO'LITNQWASMINGTDKDC (No Model.) 2 Sheets-.Sheet 2.J. D. IHLDER. ELECTRIC AUTOMATIC STOP FOR ELEVATORS. No. 560,217.

Patented May 19, 1896.

ANDREW H GRAMM PHDTG LIYHO WASNINGTON DC UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN D. IHLDER, or YONKERS, NEw YORK, ASSIGNOR TO OTIS BEoTHEEs &COMPANY, on NEW YORK, N. Y.

ELECTRIC AUTOMATIC STOP FOR ELEVATORS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 560,217, dated May 19,1896. Application filed July 27, 1895. Serial No. 557,392. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern: matic stop is brought into operation it willBe it known that I, JOHN D. IHLDER, a citicontrol a circuit of theclevator-motorin such zen of the United States, residingat Yonkers, amanner that it will cause the armature of \Vestchester county, State ofNew York, have the motor to send a current through the cir- 5 inventedcertain new and useful Improvecuit which will tend to stop the armature,ments in Electric Automatic Stops, of which and consequently theelevator connected to the following is a specification. be operated fromthe armature of the eleva- This invention relates to electric automatictor-motor. This circuit is controlled in the stop devices for use inconnection with elecpresentinstance byamake-and-break switch,

10 trio elevators; audit has for its object to prowhich is operated bythe automatic stop devide means whereby the elevator or the movice, andthis operation may be accomplished tor operating the elevator maybestopped or in various ways, some of which will be specontrolledautomatically when through any cifically set forth hereinafter, and theparts cause the operator fails to properly man ipuare so arranged thatthe ordinary operations 15 late the controlling devices; and to theseends of starting and stopping the elevator-motor it consists in thevarious features of construcdo not interfere with the operation of theaution and arrangement of parts having the tomatic device, and viceversa the automatic mode of operation substantially as hereindevice doesnot interfere with the operations after more particularly set forth. ofthe ordinary starting and stopping appa- 2o \Vhile the invention is moreparticularly ratus.

applicable to use in connection with electric With this generalstatement of the invenclevators, the general principles of the intion itwill now be described in connection vention may be applied and adaptedfor use with the embodiment shown in the accompain other connectionswithout departing from nying drawings, wherein- 2 5 the spirit of theinvention, although it is de A represents an electric motor of anyordisigned more especially and is shown herein nary construction, andthe shaft A is conin connection with an electric elevator. nected to thearmature of the motor and is In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 isprovided with a worm A engaging a worm- So a side view showing onegeneral arrangement wheel A, connected to a winding-drum A,

30 of electric elevator devices sufficient to illuswhich operates in theusual manner. Contrate the present invention. Fig. 2 is a plan nectedwith the motorA is some suitable cirview thereof. Fig. 3 is adiagrammatic repcuit-controlling device for stopping, starting,rcsentation of the circuits and apparatus conand reversing the motor,which is indicated 8 5 nected therewith, and Fig. l is a sectional at B,the details of which are not shown, as

3 5 view of the mechanical automatic stop dethey may be varied and arewell known, and vice. this controlling mechanism is operated from It iswell known that in the operation of the car through the medium of ahand-rope B ordinary hydraulic or other elevators which or equivalentdevice, connected in the pres- 0 are controlled by the operator on thecar it ent instance to a lever B operating the shaft 0 is common toprovide some means which will 13 of the controller.

automatically stop the movement of the car The apparatus is shown asbeing provided as, for instance, at the extremes of its up or with asuitable mechanical brake device C, down motion-if, for instance, theoperator which maybeof any well-known construction, 5 fails to properlymanipulate the controlling and which in the present instance is operated5 devices, so that accidents can be prevented by a shipper-bar D, andthis shipper-bar is from the car moving too far and the present shown asmounted to reciprocate in the bearinvention has for its object toprovide means in gs (l (I, being moved by a lever 13*, connected wherebythe same results may be accomwith the hand-rope and controlling device.109 plished in connection with electrically-oper- So far the apparatusis shown as a typical 5o ated elevators. construction to which theinvention is ap- The invention is shown as embodied in an plied, and ofcourse it can be varied without apparatus arranged so that when theautoaffecting the present invention.

Arranged in connection with the apparatus above described is' a switchE, and it is shown in the present instance as mounted on the controllingapparatus, although it may be otherwise arranged in any convenientmanner, and this switch is controlled by an electromagnet E and ispreferably in the form of a double break-switch having two arms E E ofconducting material, although it may be provided with a single arm, asIE and operate as a single break-switch. It is shown in the presentinstance as .having'spring terminals e e e 6 and in dotted lines areshown the terminals 6 6 which cooperate with the arm E also shown indotted lines. The present construction also embodies a'make-andbreakswitch F, operatingin' connection with the terminals ff, and thismake-and-break switcher brush-F 'iscontrolled by a'cam F. This cam-isoperated by a disk Gr, having'in the present-instance a pin orprojection g, arranged to engage the cam-F when thedisk is operated inthe manner hereinafter set forth, and this disk isloose uponitssupportand is provided withsome means for causing it to maintain: its normalposition, as the weight V or equivalent device, whichalso tends torestore it to its'normal position when moved, as hereinafter set forth.

forms apart'of an automatic mechanical stop, (best shown in Fig. 4,)which is ofthe wellknownconstruction and-consists, essentially,

of a drum G, loosely mounted on-the shaft A said drum; but when thebar'reaches either extrem e of the-screw-threaded portion, so that oneor: the other of its clutch I members engages with one or the other ofthe clutch m embers'Gr G*, the bar and'consequentlythe drum G willrotate with the shaft, and this' carries the disk Gwith it, causing itto rotate to bring the pin 9 into a-positionto operate the cam F and thebrush F, connected thereto, to make or break the circuit.

The diskG is also provided with another pin or projection g which isarranged to en gage a similar pin or projection orequivalent device iton the pin-ion H, which pinion e11- gages-a=rack on the shipp'erbar Dand is moved with said bar to the right or left as said 'bar is moved bythe opcratortostart and- These pins g and hare so arra-nged'that in theordinary movements of stop the motor.

the shipper-bar D in startingand stopping the motor they do notimpinge-upon each other, so that the disk G is not moved in the ordinaryoperations of the elevator mechanism;

but when under the conditions hereinafter This'disk G is in the presentinstance connectedwith and set forth these pins do come together theautomatic stop device controls the circuit of the motor to preventaccidents, as will appear later.

In the preferred construction of the invention there is also provided acircuit-breaker 1, shown in the present instance in the form of a disk,having alternate conducting and nonconducting surfaces, as I 1 againstwhich bear the terminals M of the circuit, and this disk is operated soas to partially rotate in accordance with the movements of theshipper-bar D, and in the present instance it is attached to apinion 1which engages a rack on the shipper-bar D, so as to move therewith. Thebrake device C is also shown as being mechanically controlled by theshipper-bar D, the arm 0 of which engages a notch in the shipper-bar,so'that'when the bar is in the normal condition the brake is applied;but when it is moved to the rightor left in starting the motor the'brakeismechanically lifted and is restored into operative position by aweight, spring, or other equivalent device when the shipper-bar ismoved'to stop the motor.

Such being the general construction and arrangement of the mechanicalparts, the cireuits will be best understood by reference to Fig. 3,wherein themotor A is convention- 'allyshown, in-which a a are thearmatureb'rushes, Z) b" are the terminals of'a reversing switch K, andSrepresents'th'e shunt fieldmagnet coils, WhileS represents the seriesfield-magnet coils. R is a resistance in the armature-circuitgwhich maybe automatically controlled in the well-known way, and R is an auxiliaryresistance in the control-circuit of the motor, and PM represent,respectively,

the plusand minus terminals connected with the feeding-circuit of themotor.

While the metor' itself may be variously wound and connected, it isherein shown as a compound-wound motor, and the circuits thereof may betraced as starting from the positive binding-post P, through the con-.ductorI, through the shunt field-magnet coils S 'andto the minus poleM, while a shunt or branch conductor 1 leads to the binding-post b ofthe circuit-reverser K, and thence to one of the brushes a a, throughthe armature to the other brush and back through the terminal b in oneor the other direction, according to the position of thecircuit-reverser, and by the conductor 2, through the seriesfield-magnet coils S", through the resistance R'to theminusbinding-postM, as is usual in this class of motors.

Connected to the conductor 1,which is 0011- nected'b'y-the branch 1 tothe terminal b of the circuit-reverser K, is a conductorf), leadingth'rough the auxiliaryresistance R to the spring-contact e on the switchE, and connected to the spring-contact e on the switch is a conductor 4,which leads to the conductor 2 at'a point between the armature-coils andthe series field-magnet coils, so that the current may pass through theseries fieldmagnet coils, and bya conductor5 to the contact-piece e onthe switch, and the contactpiece 6 is connected by a conductor (3 to thebinding-post b of the circuit-reversin g switch, so that when the switchE is closed there are two closed circuits, one including the armaturethrough 1 3 R e e L 2 Z) a a b 1 and the other the series field-magnetcoils of the motor through 5 e E e 0 2 S, and the motor will send acurrent through the armature-circuit which will tend to stop the motor,it being practically short-circuited on itself. In some instances it ispreferred to leave the series field-magnet coils out of the shortcircuit controlled by said switch, and this can readily be accomplishedby connecting the brushes a a in a circuit including the conductor 7,connected to the contact-pieces e a, controlled by the connector E ofthe switch, and in this way the armature alone of the motor isshortcircuited, there being preferably a resistance R included in thiscircuit,which may be ad justed to meet the requirements of anyparticular case.

The electromagnct E is operated in the present instance bya circuitcontrolled by the automatically-opcrated disk G and the circuit-breakerI, and this circuit is shown as connected to the main circuit in anyway, as to the conductor 1, and passing thence through the conductor 8,which includes the coils of the electromagnet E, to a point 9, where itbranches, one portion or branch passing by the conductor 10 through theswitch F, and thence to the minus binding-post, while the other branchpasses by conductor 11 through the terminals 1' 1', controlled by thecircuitbreaker I, to the conductor 10, and thence to the minusbinding-post, and it will thus be seen that there are in fact twocircuits or two branches of the same circuit controlling theelectromagnet E, and as long as either one of these branch circuits isclosed the magnet E will be energized, so as to hold the switch E open;but when both of these branch circuits are broken the switch IE will beclosed to short-circuit the motor in the manner before indicated. Fromthis description it will be apparent to those skilled in the art how theparts operate to perform the functions intended, and it will be seenthat in the ordinary condition, as represented in the diagram, the motoris represented as stationary and the circuit-breakerin a position tobreak the circuit of the magnet E,while the automatic switch F is in aposition to close the circuit of the magnet E, and the switch E is shownas being open.

As is usual with this class of mechanism the operator in the car, bymeans of the hand rope B or similar device, closes the circuit throughthe motor and through the armature in one or the other direction, as thecase may be, in order to cause the elevator to move up or down, and theshipper-bar D is moved in a corresponding direction by an arm 13*,connected with the ordinary controlling devices,

and this shipper-bar operates to rotate the circuit-breaker I to closethe circuit-through the contactst' t" by its connection with the pinionI engaging the shipper-bar, and the pinion II is also rotated, but notsufficient to cause its pin h to engage the pin g on the disk G, and themotor may be started and stopped, as usual, without affecting theautomatic stopping device, as it will be seen that one of the branchcircuits through the magnet E is closed even though the circuitbreaker Imakes and breaks the branch controlled thereby, as it does when theshipperbar is moved the ordinary distance for startin g and stopping themotor.

It will be understood that as the elevator traverses up and down the barG moves back and forth on the shaft A without its clutch portionsengaging either of the clutch portions G G; but if, for instance,through neglect or otherwise the motor should not be stopped when thecage reaches the end of its upward or downward motion the bar G wouldengage one of the clutches G or G", as the case might be, and rotate thedrum G, and

this would rotate the disk G, so as to cause its pin g to engage the camF and break the circuit of the magnet E at the switch F, and, further,the pin g of the disk would engage the pin h on the pinion II and rotatethe same, which would in turn move the shipper-bar to its normalposition, breaking the branch circuit through the terminals 2' i and thecircuitbreaker I, thus deenergizing the magnet E, allowing the switch Eto operate and close the short circuit of the armature or armature andseries field, as the case maybe, thereby tending to stop the motor. Itwill be understood by those familiar with the operation of thestop-motion gear that this will produce a comparatively slow motion ofthe shipper-bar D and not an instantaneous or rapid throw of the bar,and consequently of the circuit-controlling device B. If thiscircuit-controlling device is arranged to break the circuit of the shuntfield-magnet coils when it is in its off position, it is evident thatthis circuit of the shunt fieldmagnet coil will not be broken until theshipper-bar has reached its normal or central position, while it willfurther be seen that as soon as the shipper-bar commences to move to itsnormal position under the influence of the stop-motion gear the circuitof the magnet E is broken and the switch E is closed, and the armatureand series field-magnet coils of the motor are shortcircuited. Thiscauses the armature to operate as a brake under the influence of theshunt field-magnet circuit until the shipperbar practically reaches itsnormal position, when, if the controlling device B is so arranged, theshunt field-magnet coils will be cut out. Even then the magnetism of themotor disappears slowly, so that for practical purposes I have found itimmaterial whether the shunt field-magnet circuit is TOO brokenor not atthe controlling device. In practice it may be arranged so that after thestop-motion gear commences to operate the car may trave1,.say, ten feetwhile the pinions H and 1 are moving to their normal or centralposition. It'will be seen that almost as soon as the parts engage, orwithin the first or open position, and, .as before stated, if this isarranged (as it often is) to open the shunt field-circuit it will beopened at this time when the car has practically stoppedyb'ut there willstill remain the magnetism of the motor to operate 011 the armature,and, further, it will be seen that when the shipper-bar reaches thisposition the brake G is automatically applied to stop the car, if ithasnot already stopped. It will be understood, of course, that if the shuntfield-magnet circuit is not broken at the controlling device 13, as itis arranged in some instances, there is always'a strong field for thearmature'to operate in as a brake. To avoid a too sudden re duction ofthe speedof the armature under these conditions, it is preferable toprovide the auxiliary resistance R or R to limit the current which canbe produced in the armature of the motor and cause it to stop gradually.Under these conditions the stop-motion or disk G will continue to carrythe pin 9 a certain distance beyond the position necessary to operatethe cam F before the car comes to rest, and if now the car is started inthe opposite direction by the operator moving the shipper-bar in thereverse direction the pinion H is turned, separating the pins h and gand the automatic stop will gradually release the disk G, and the weight\V will bring it back to its normal position,which will close the switchF in this movement. This motion, however, is somewhat slow, depending onthe inertia of the car with which the automatic stop works in unison,and the car must therefore travel a certain distance before the pin Qwill arrive at a position to close the switch F by moving the cam F andthus closing the circuit through the electromagnet E to operate theswitch E, and as long as the clectromagnet is not attracted the switch Eremains closed and the elevatormotor can only rotate slowly, while usinga great amount of power. This undesirable feature in an automatic stop,however, is overcome by means of the circuit-breakerI, arranged in abranch circuit of the magnet E, which branch circuit is closed by theoperator whenever the shipper-bar D is moved 'sufliciently far from itsnormal position to cause the terminals 2' z" to bear on the conducting.portions of the disk or circuit-breaker I,

and the electromagnet E is therefore rendered operative'as soon as theshipper-bar has been moved the proper distance in starting the car inthe right direction, even from its extreme position at top or bottom,after its travel has been arrested by the automatic ,stop device, asbefore set forth.

From this general description and illustration of the invention theprinciples thereof iwill be readily understood by those skilled in theart, and it will be seen that it maybe adapted for many and variouspurposes and used with various devices, and, further, it will be seenthat the automatic stop mechanismmay be used alone without the circuit-.breaker, although it is preferable to use the two togethertocontrol-the circuit of the switch-magnet, which in turn controls theshort circuit of the motor-armature or armature and series field-magnetcoils.

In Fig. 3 I have indicated a conventional ,circuit-reverser in order tobetter explain the circuits, and the circuit-reverser (of whatever form)used would naturally be placed on or in the circuit-controlling. deviceB, although of course it might be placed anywhere else so far as thisinvention is concerned. In line 1, Fig. 3, leadingfrom'the main, I haveindicated a plug or cut-out such as is ordinarily @employed in workingcircuits derived from main distributing=circuits, and this of course canbe of any form and may include one or both of the connectors with themains or not.

hat is claimed-is- 1. The combination with an electric motor and a shortcircuit therefor, of a switch controlling said circuit, and an automaticstop device controlling said switch, substantially as described.

2. The combination with a motor and a short circuit therefor, of aswitch controlling said short circuit, .and a magnet controlling saidswitch, the circuit of which magnet is controlled by an automatic stopdevice, substantially as described.

3. The combination with a motor and a short circuit therefor, of aswitch controlling said circuit, a magnet controlling the switch, anautomatic stop device controlling the magnet, and a circuit-breaker alsocontrolling the magnet, substantially as described.

4. The combination with a motor and a short circuit therefor, of anelectromagnetic switch controlling the circuit, an automatic stop devicecontrolling the switch arranged in one branch of the circuit thereof,and a circuit-breaker also controlling the switch arranged in anotherbranch of the circuit thereof, substantially as described.

5. The combination with a motor and a short circuit therefor, of'anelectromagnetic switch, an automatic stop device controlling saidswitch, and a shipper-bar connected with said automatic stop device andarranged so that the shipper-bar may operate under normal conditionswithout operating the automatic stop device, substantially as described.

0. The combination with a motor and a short circuit therefor, of anelectromagnetic switch, an automatic stop device controlling the switch,a circuit-breaker also controlling the switch, and a shipper-barconnected with both the circuit-breaker and automatic stop device,substantially as described.

'7. In an electric elevator, the combination with the motor and startingand stopping device therefor, of a short circuit connected with themotor, a switch controlling the short circuit, a circuit breakercontrolling the switch, and a shipper-bar connected with the controlmechanism of the motor for controlling the circuit-breaker,substantially as described.

8. In an electricelevator, the combination with the motor and startingand stopping device therefor, of a short circuit connected with themotor, a switch controlling the short circuit, an automatic stop devicecontrolling the switch, and a shipper-bar connecting the automatic stopdevice and starting and stopping device of the motor, substantially asdescribed.

9. In an electric elevator, the combination with the motor and startingand stopping device therefor, of a short circuit for the motor, anelectromagnetic switch controlling the short circuit, an automatic stopdevice controlling the switch, a circuit-breaker also controlling theswitch, and a shipper-bar connected with both these devices and with thestarting and stopping mechanism, substantially as described.

10. In an electric elevator, the combination with the motor and startingand stopping device therefor, of a short circuit for the motor, a switchcontrolling the motor, an automatic stop device controlling the switch,and connections between the automatic stop device and the ordinarystarting and stopping devices, substantially as described.

11. In an electric elevator, the combination with the motor and startingand stopping device therefor, of a short circuit controlling the motor,an electromagnetic switch controlling the circuit, an automatic stopdevice controlling said switch arranged in one branch of saidelectromagnetic switch, a circuitbreaker arranged in another branch ofsaid electromagnetic switch, and a shipper-bar connected with theordinary starting and stopping devices, substantially as described.

12. In an'electric elevator, the combination with the motor and thecircuit controlling the same, of an automatic stop device comprising aswitch controlling the circuit, a disk controlling the switch, a pinion,a shipper-bar, and connections between the disk and pinion,substantially as described.

13. In an electric elevator, the combination with the motor and thecircuit controlling the same, of an automatic stop device comprising aswitch controlling the circuit, a cam connected to the switch, a diskhaving a pin engaging the cam, a pinion, a shipper-bar connected to thepinion, and connections between the pinion and disk whereby theshipper-bar is operated, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN D. IHLDER.

lVitnesses JAMES S. FITCH, O. B. WARING.

